ML-KEM (Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism) is the standardized name for the post-quantum algorithm formerly known as CRYSTALS-KYBER. It is defined in FIPS 203, published by NIST in August 2024. ML-KEM is used for key establishment - the process of securely exchanging cryptographic keys over an untrusted network, replacing RSA and Diffie-Hellman for this purpose.
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